Patient Considerations

• Emergency condition: Severe pain

Additional Considerations

• Endodontic treatment history: Previous nonsurgical endodontic treatment with complications

Patient presented with severe pain in the maxillary right quadrant. Radiographic examination revealed previous nonsurgical endodontic treatment with the canal filling material extended beyond the apex and perforating the Schneiderian membrane.

Patient considerations such as severe pain requiring emergency care can create a high level of treatment difficulty. In addition, the history of previous endodontic therapy complicated by the overextension of canal filling material make the management of this case extremely challenging.